South China Geographical Journal >
Anthropocene Geographies: New Tasks and New Frontiers
Received date: 2023-07-28
Revised date: 2023-08-09
Online published: 2023-09-25
Rapid urbanization and climate change are rapidly changing earth and the earth systems. This paper explores the new tasks and new frontiers of Chinese geography from the perspective of the Anthropocene. As a crucial discipline within earth sciences, geography spans the natural and social sciences and is poised to become the most promising field in the era of Anthropocene. It is a new mission of geography to define the spatiotemporal structure of anthroposphere, rebuild the framework of the human-environment relationships, conduct research on topology of the human geography, return to research on sustainable development based on the unified geography. Human geography, as the most important branch of geography, will be reshaped for rapid world urbanization, climate change and sustainable issues. For historical geography, it needs to pay greater attention to the impact of human activities, such as the history of prehistoric marine civilization and continental civilization, as well as the history of the modern environmental pollution. For economic geography, it could be on finance-trade-globalization, global value chains-global production chains-global industrial chains, of course the "global South"will be becoming a hot spot and of focus. Due to the collectivization of western countries centered on the United States, the trend of deglobalization and the increasing risk of the new cold war, political geography is in urgent development need. It could be shifting from geopolitics to global governance, rebuilt an effective global institution for cooperation that belong fields of unconventional and new energy technologies. For social geography, it would prioritize social issues on the global perspective, especially as rapid world urbanization and global climate change have inequalities of race, gender, class and some other social groups. Information technology and the Internet have given Cultural Geography new connotations and new opportunities for development. It is necessary to pay special attention to the significance of human beings' use of various words and semiotics tools to the planet and its place where human being live, and explore more effective countermeasures to intervene in rapid earth change. In response to the accelerated processes of urbanization, climate and earth changes, Urban Geography should swiftly transition from a traditional framework focused on "urbanization-urban systems-internal urban structures" to a new framework focusing on modernization based on green growth. It is very likely that Anthropocene geography will give geographers some new disciplines to develop imaginary fields, such as deep sea and deep space exploration, planetary geography, interstellar colonization and migration.
GU Chaolin , CHEN Lelin , GU Jiang , GAO Zhe , SU Hefang , GUO Li . Anthropocene Geographies: New Tasks and New Frontiers[J]. South China Geographical Journal, 2023 , 1(2) : 1 -14 . DOI: 10.20125/j.2097-2245.202302001
表1 人类圈发展分期Tab.1 Major development stages of the anthroposphere |
研究要素 | 孕育期 | 形成期 | 突变期 | 人类主导期 |
---|---|---|---|---|
时段 | 人类诞生—地理大发现 | 地理大发现—20世纪50年代 | 20世纪50—21世纪10年代 | 21世纪20年代— |
人口 | 数量少;增长缓慢 | 增长加快,全球迁移 | 人口爆炸,快速城市化, | 人口老龄化,集聚型城市化 |
人类活动标志 | 农业革命 | 工业革命 | 现代科技革命 | 绿色革命 |
社会形态 | 农业社会 | 工业化社会 | 城市化社会 | 生态型社会 |
人与自然关系 | 人类适应自然 | 工业革命推动工业化和城市化 | 现代科技革命、工业化和城市化导致人与环境关系恶化 | 人与自然和谐共生 |
资源利用 | 土地和淡水等可再生资源 | 化石燃料和矿产等非再生资源 | 核能发明,自然资源过量开采利用 | 资源可持续利用 |
生态与环境 | 四次生物大灭绝事件 | 生物多样性下降 | 环境污染,生态退化,气候变化,地球暖化 | 保护地球 |
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