The spatial distribution and allocation of higher education resources are directly related to the region's innovation ability and competitiveness. As China's most dynamic economic region, rational layout of higher education resources of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is crucial to support its advancement into a world-class bay area. Based on the perspective of geographic space, this study summarizes the shortcomings of domestic and foreign research, follows the path of "resource pattern distribution and influencing mechanism", and uses the GINI coefficient and geographic detector analysis method to analyze the spatial distribution balance and influencing factors of higher education resources in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The research shows: (1) The spatial distribution of higher education resources in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is obviously unbalanced, among which Guangzhou and Shenzhen are obviously unbalanced relative to population and economic distribution. (2) The spatial distribution of higher education resources in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area is highly correlated with factors such as the number of urban primary and secondary school students, urban per capita GDP, urban population and urban education expenditure. In particular, it is greatly affected by the number of primary and secondary school students, indicating that higher education is greatly affected by basic education. (3) In the interactive factor detection, the number of urban primary and secondary school students combined with other factors will achieve a large nonlinear enhancement effect. It is expected that the spatial structure of educational resources in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area will form a geographical spatial circle structure with four core cities of Hong Kong, Macao, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, and other cities such as Zhuhai, Dongguan and Foshan as the periphery in the future, radiating and driving the development of surrounding areas. The research helps to understand the specific gaps in the balance of the spatial structure of higher education resources in the Greater Bay Area, which is beneficial to the rational allocation of higher education resources and the rational tilt of policies.

Exploring the underlying laws behind road illegal incidents can reduce dangerous driving behaviors at the source and maintain social harmony and stability. It can also help the development of urban traffic with high efficiency and high quality, and improve the level of refined traffic governance. Therefore, the analysis of influencing factors of traffic violations in cities is an important prerequisite of accurate analysis of the laws of traffic violations. In this study. The authors took traffic violation data of Guangzhou in October 2015 as an example, and the association rule mining(ARM) of traffic violations and various influencing factors was carried out. Based on the FP-Growth algorithm, this paper excavates the relationship between the types of illegal activities, the time of occurrence, the spatial location and the information of the vehicles in the traffic violation data. It is found that large vehicles of local city are more likely to have no environmental protection signs and illegal use of lanes. Cars from other cities are more likely to overspeed; morning and evening peaks on working days are strongly related to violations of prohibition signs, while traffic violations on highways are more likely to occur on weekends. By introducing POI data and spatial location information, this article can more accurately identify high-incidence traffic violations near specific road sections or public facilities, and provide support for fixed-point traffic governance.

The classification and naming of of the Hongshanwan landform in the Zhangye UNESCO Global Geopark have long been contentious. Through research and comparison, it is found that there are significant differences in geomorphic forces, landform morphology, material composition, landform development, and evolutionary processes compared to the Danxia landforms. Following the principles of rock landform classification and naming, it is currently appropriate to refer to them as the Hongshanwan landforms. As a subcategory of red bed landforms, they should be listed alongside the Danxia landforms. This article proposes the definition of Hongshanwan landforms as follows: they are characterized by internal forces of structural tilting, with surface sheet flow as the main external force, and are formed by the combined action of external forces such as weathering, erosion, and gravity, resulting in gentle slopes with colorful rhythmic sedimentary features typical of red bed landforms. These landforms are mainly composed of red Cretaceous terrestrial mudstones and sandstones with interbedded grayish-blue and grayish-green colors. The main internal and external forces shaping the landforms are structural tilting and surface sheet flow, respectively. The landform morphology is characterized by gentle undulations, colorful rhythmic sedimentary features, and the development of micro-landforms such as mud stalactites, mud waterfalls, and small earth pyramids. Depending on the combination of stratum dip and slope morphology, the landscape types of Hongshanwan landform can be categorized into over ten types, including horizontal color stripe type, inclined color stripe type, vertical color stripe type, rainbow type, inverted rainbow type, wave type, scallop type, pleated skirt type, and composite type. Hongshanwan landforms are mainly distributed in arid and semi-arid regions, particularly in the central areas of red beds basins closely related to mountainous regions, including Jiuquan, Zhangye, and Lanzhou basins in front of the Qilian Mountains, the Junggar Basin at the southern foot of the Altai Mountains in Xinjiang, and the Andes Mountains in South America.

The thesis uses local chronicles as the basic document and uses quantitative analysis methods to study the history of disasters in Guangdong and Guangxi during the Republic of China. According to research, the floods and droughts are the most common, while wind disasters, pests and earthquakes are also more frequent, while animal disasters, hail disasters, snow disasters and frost disasters are relatively rare.The trend of disasters gradually increased, with six periods of severe disasters, especially the two periods of severe disasters in the 1940s. There are obvious regional differences in the spatial distribution of disasters, floods and wind disasters are common along rivers and coastal areas, droughts and pests are more frequent in inland areas, animal disasters are concentrated in remote mountain areas, and other disasters are scattered around. Due to the difference of spatial and temporal distribution of natural disasters in Guangdong and Guangxi, the destructiveness of various natural disasters is also different. Flood and drought are the most destructive, followed by wind disasters, pests, and again for the earthquake, animal disasters and other disasters. At the same time, the natural disasters in Guangdong and Guangxi are different. Guangdong is more serious than Guangxi in flood, wind disasters, pest and earthquake, but less serious than Guangxi in drought and animal disaster. To sum up, the natural disasters in Guangdong and Guangxi were frequent and serious, and the overall disaster situation was not optimistic.

The establishment of the National Social Science Fund (National Social Science Fund) project is not only an important symbol of the scientific research strength and organizational ability of each region, but also reflects the development trend and hot direction of the discipline field. Existing bibliometrics studies focus more on bibliometrics analysis, and less on the perspective of national social science projects. Using the National Social Science Foundation project database as the data source, this paper collected and analyzed the projects whose provinces, regions, and cities were in Guangdong Province from 1994-2021 for statistical analysis, and used methods such as bibliometrics and knowledge map to describe the knowledge picture of social science research in Guangdong Province reflected in the national social science project in Guangdong Province. The results showed as follows: (1) During the study period, a total of 4 794 national social science projects were established in Guangdong Province, ranking fourth among all provinces, regions, and municipalities (excluding Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan), with an average annual growth rate of 15.7%. Among them, there were 3 211 general projects, youth projects and later funded projects, and 444 major projects and key projects, all of which were higher than the national average. (2) The project disciplines mainly focus on the applied economy, Chinese literature, linguistics, and sociology, with keywords such as "carbon emission", "leisure agriculture", "tropical climate", "rural tourism" and "rural revitalization" as the research themes. The research results are mainly monographs, papers, reports, and these combined, large-scale surveys, computer software, and reference books are lacking. (3) The project approval units are mainly institutions of higher learning, among which, Sun Yat-sen University, Jinan University, and South China Normal University have a large number of projects, while Guangzhou University and Guangdong University of Foreign Studies have made significant progress in recent years. (4) The number of projects initiated by the core hosts reached 57%, but the number only accounted for one-tenth of the total number of project leaders. The discipline of the core host is sociology. Overall, the number of national social science projects in Guangdong Province has increased steadily, and the projects are mainly concentrated in a few key universities, superior disciplines and core hosts. In the future, based on maintaining superior disciplines, Guangdong Province should focus on expanding non-superior disciplines, cultivating competitive scientific research institutions, building scientific and reasonable research echelons including senior, middle-aged, and young scientists, forming a situation that includes a wide variety of subject area, and further strengthening the strength of social science research in Guangdong Province.

Under the background of Chinese culture goes global, the study of Guangdong Province, one of the important economic regions in China, has become one of the most important contents for the construction of Guangdong's overseas image and Sino-Japanese cultural mutual understanding by Japanese academics. In this paper, we take the research topics on Guangdong included in the Database of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research(KAKEN) as the data source, and use CiteSpace to visualize and analyze the academic groups, research institutes, and core contents, in order to present the focuses and trends of the research on Guangdong Province in the Japanese academia. The results show that the research on Guangdong Province in Japanese academia involves a large number of research groups and research institutions, and the research hotspots show the characteristics of "economy-country-region" over time, mainly focusing on the Chinese diaspora in the East Asian region, the culture of Chinese clans, and the industrial economy of Guangdong, focusing on regional countries, economic development, and the development of Guangdong. The research focuses on the three core clusters of regional countries, economic development and language and culture. By systematically organizing and evaluating the academic achievements of Guangdong studies in the Japanese academic community, we can provide a "knowledge map of Guangdong studies in the Japanese academic community" with certain reference value for future research and policy making on the dissemination of Guangdong's culture overseas and image writing.

"Scholars" provide a core perspective to study academic history. Through scholars' lineage relationships, we can describe the formation of disciplines, the evolution of academic schools, the inheritance of academic thoughts, and even the internal factional disputes within the discipline. However, discussions on intellectual lineage relationships and their impacts have been overlooked in the study of the history of geographical thought. This paper takes the lineage relationships of prominent human geography scholars in the Chinese Republican era as an example. Based on the lineage relationships of representative scholars, it analyzes the formation and development of modern Chinese human geography as a discipline, explores the influence of lineage networks on the formation and inheritance of academic schools and the integration of Western and Chinese geographical thoughts, and discusses the political issues within the discipline triggered by lineage relationships. Finally, this paper systematically discusses the inspiration of the perspective of lineage relationships on the study of the history of geographical thought.

Taking the geography teacher education major of a local university in Shaanxi as an example, this paper addresses the common issues in the talent training of normal education and proposes to reshape "educational belief" and establish a lifelong teaching conviction; to implement "student-centeredness" and create a local educational paradigm; to enhance "teacher education flavor" and establish a high-quality educational ecosystem. Through evidence-based practice, the article proposes to take the reshaping of educational belief as the core task, to strengthen educational ideals and beliefs, and to use the three-dimensional educational goals of "ideological and political guidance + subject foundation + teacher education enhancement" as the guideline. By reconstructing teaching content that directly hits the indicators of teacher graduate requirements and innovating teaching forms with a demonstrative effect, the paper advocates for a dual-engine approach. It also suggests leveraging a community-based learning approach among teachers and students to create an atmosphere conducive to teacher education and a favorable ecosystem for the growth of teacher education students. This approach aims to create a "one core, two wings, three dimensions" model for talent training in local universities, thereby enhancing the service consciousness of local teacher education and improving the quality of talent training and its alignment with the job market.